Foreshortening in radiography can be caused by:

Foreshortening in radiography occurs when the radiographic object is positioned at an angle relative to the image receptor (IR). When an object is angled instead of being parallel to the IR, the projection of its dimensions onto the radiographic film or sensor does not accurately reflect its true size. This results in a distorted image where the object appears shorter than it actually is. The image captured will not represent the object in its true proportions because the angles cause a decrease in the object's apparent length.

In contrast, other factors related to distance—like excessive or insufficient distance from the focus of the X-ray tube—impact image quality, such as magnification and resolution, rather than specifically causing foreshortening. Therefore, understanding the correct positioning of objects in relation to the IR is crucial for achieving accurate radiographic representations.